Immediate loading of single-tooth implants appears favorable

Since their reintroduction into dentistry 20 years ago, titanium implants have traditionally required a 4–6-month period of osseointegration prior to restoration and loading of the implant. However, in recent years, surgeons and restorative dentists have been gradually reducing the time between implant placement and occlusal loading. Now, a recent study published in the International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Implants (16:182–192, 2001) suggests almost immediate loading of single-tooth implants after insertion into the alveolus. The sample for this investigation consisted of 53 single-tooth implants placed in 47 subjects. All implants were

Abstract

The subjects in the study were children who were X-rayed because of increased risk for resorption following ectopically erupting maxillary canines. One hundred and seven children 9 to 15 years of age with 156 maxillary canines that were erupting ectopically and 58 normally were investigated by computed tomography (CT) to describe the features of the dental follicles of the erupting maxillary canines. Contiguous, transverse CT scans were exposed through the maxilla in the canine region and the width and shape of the dental follicles were registered scan by scan throughout the extension of the follicle. The width and the shape of the dental follicle of the erupting maxillary canine varied greatly. The range of the maximum width, measured from the crown to the periphery of the follicle, was 0.5–7.0 mm, with a mean of 2.9 mm and a 95% confidence interval of 2.7–3.2 mm for the entire sample. No relationship was found between the width or shape of the follicles and sex, age, stage of eruption, inclination of the canine, or width of the dental arch. However, the location of the maxillary canine vis-à-vis the adjacent incisor was significantly associated with the width of the follicle, which indicated that local anatomic conditions might influence the width and shape of the follicle. The dental follicles of the ectopically erupting canines were, on average, wider than those of the normally erupting canines. The 95% confidence interval for the normally erupting canines was 2.3–2.7 mm; for the buccally erupting canines 2.4–4.1 mm; for the lingually erupting canines 2.6–3.0 mm; and for the apically erupting canines in relation to the lateral incisors 2.9–4.1 mm. Canine follicles that were wide but within normal limits did not cause deviations in adjacent teeth. Cystically degenerated dental follicles were found but were indistinguishable on the CT scans from those that had been widened physiologically. The contributions of the studied variables to the variation in the width of the dental follicle of the maxillary canine were analyzed with regression models.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term and long-term treatment effects of rapid maxillary expansion in 2 groups of subjects treated with the Haas appliance. Treatment outcomes were evaluated before and after the peak in skeletal maturation, as assessed by the cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method, in a sample of 42 patients compared to a control sample of 20 subjects. Posteroanterior cephalograms were analyzed for the treated subjects at T₁ (pretreatment), T₂ (immediate post-expansion) and T₃ (long-term observation), and were available at T₁ and at T₃ for the controls. The mean age (years:months) at T₁ was 11:10 for both the treated and the control groups. The mean ages at T₃ also were comparable (20:6 for the treated group and 17:8 for the controls). Following expansion and retention (2 months on average), fixed standard edgewise appliances were placed. The study included transverse measurements on dentoalveolar structures, maxillary and mandibular bases and other craniofacial regions (nasal, zygomatic, orbital, and cranial). Treated and control samples were divided into 2 groups according to individual skeletal maturation. The early-treated and early-control groups had not reached the pubertal peak in skeletal growth velocity at T₁ (CVM 1 to 3), whereas the late-treated and late-control groups were during or slightly after the peak at T₁ (CVM 4 to 6). The group treated before the pubertal peak showed significantly greater short-term increases in the width of the nasal cavities. In the long-term, maxillary skeletal width, maxillary intermolar width, lateronasal width, and lateroorbitale width were significantly greater in the early-treated group. The late-treated group exhibited significant increases in lateronasal width and in maxillary and mandibular intermolar widths. Rapid Maxillary Expansion treatment before the peak in skeletal growth velocity is able to induce more pronounced transverse craniofacial changes at the skeletal level.

Abstract

Four methods of conducting overall and anterior Bolton tooth-size analyses were compared using 22 (11 pretreatment and 11 posttreatment) sets of models. No more than 3 mm of crowding existed in any of the models, and all were in good condition. An analysis employing vernier calipers was completed 3 times to set a standard. Pearson correlation coefficients revealed a high degree of intra-operator reliability with mean R values of 0.930 and 0.843 for the overall and anterior discrepancies, respectively. The mean Vernier caliper results were compared with each of the following computerized methods: QuickCeph, Hamilton Arch Tooth System (HATS), and OrthoCad. No statistically significant error was present for any of the methods using repeated-measures analysis of variance testing and paired t-tests (p < .05). Clinically significant differences (>1.5 mm) were present for each method. Absolute differences were calculated, and linear regression and R values were determined. The HATS analysis had the highest degree of correlation (R = 0.885 for overall and 0.825 for anterior), followed by OrthoCad (R = 0.715, 0.574), and QuickCeph (R = 0.432, 0.439). Each method also was compared based on the time required to complete each analysis. The QuickCeph was the fastest (1.85 minutes) followed by HATS (3.40 minutes), OrthoCad (5.37 minutes), and Vernier caliper (8.06 min).

Lip incompetence resolved by active vertical control in nonsurgical treatment of a protrusion case with vertical maxillary excess

Johnny JL Liaw,

Jae Hyun Park,

Fang Fang Tsai,

Betty MY Tsai, and

Wendy WT Liao

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