In 1922, 46 graduates of Edward H. Angle's programs formed the Edward H. Angle Society of Orthodontia. When Angle died in 1930, the society ceased to exist. In 1930, 22 members of the former society reorganized into today's Edward H. Angle Society of Orthodontists. This society was composed of a central organization made up of four component societies: eastern, midwestern, northern California, and southern California. At later dates, the Northwest, the Southwest, and the North Atlantic Components were created from existing societies.1

The Angle society presently has 562 members (approximately 5% of North American orthodontists). All members either reside

Abstract

This prospective clinical study was undertaken to analyze adult skeletodental changes induced by a reverse curve mushroom archwire during the initial stage of treatment. Lateral cephalograms from before treatment and immediately after bite opening were evaluated from 8 female adult patients who were undergoing lingual orthodontic treatment. Before treatment the patients had a mean overbite of 3.9 mm. Six linear and 5 angular measurements were selected for cephalometric analysis. The mean change in the cephalometric parameters was subjected to paired t-tests to determine whether the change was significant. There was a highly significant overbite reduction (−1.9 mm, P < .001) leaving a postintrusion overbite of 2.0 mm. The lower incisors were intruded 1.5 mm (P < .001) and the lower incisor edge was in an approximately stable sagittal position (L1 to NPg = −0.2 mm, NS). Some lower incisor proclination (L1 to MP = 1.2°) was seen, which was not of significance. The mandibular molars were not significantly extruded. After bite opening the mandibular plane angle was not significantly altered. Consequently, the lower anterior face height was not significantly increased. The results of this study revealed that the use of reverse curve mushroom archwire is capable of intruding the lower incisors with minimal side effects on the posterior teeth.

Abstract

When children are treated orthodontically during a phase of active growth—notably adolescence—there is the opportunity to harness growth to achieve some of the correction, especially in the sagittal plane in which differential jaw growth can harmonize dental relationships. All correction must be from tooth movement when there is no growth. Three questions were addressed in the present study: (1) how much orthodontic correction is achieved by bone growth? (2) do the proportions of tooth and bone movement depend on patient age? and (3) do the jaws of boys and girls grow at discernibly different rates during treatment? A sample of 139 children aged 9 to 17 years at the start of treatment with Class II division 1 malocclusions was studied cephalometrically using Johnston analysis. Maxillary and mandibular growth were highest in the youngest children, with rates decreasing to effectively zero in the oldest adolescents. Means adjusted for age were significantly higher for boys than for girls for upper and lower jaw growth. Age had little influence on the amount of tooth movement except for a marked decline with age in the mesial movement of the maxillary first molar, which was greatest in the youngest patients of both sexes. The amount of orthodontic correction was independent of age, but in the youngest quartile of the sample, most of the correction (87%) was due to differential jaw growth in the youngest quartile of the sample, and the rest (13%) resulted from tooth movement, whereas in the oldest quartile, most of the correction was due to tooth movement (64% tooth movement and 36% bone growth). Overall, the influence of age and sex had significant influences on multiple skeletodental variables, suggesting that research designs need to account for these demographic sources of variability. Although all cases were treated to a Class I occlusion, the nature of the correction was affected measurably by the patient's age and sex.

Abstract

The purposes of this study were to examine the effect of potentially common patient positioning errors in panoramic radiography on imaged mesiodistal tooth angulations and to compare these results with the imaged mesiodistal tooth angulations present at an idealized head position. A human skull served as the matrix into which a constructed typodont testing device was fixed according to anteroposterior and vertical cephalometric normals. The skull was then repeatedly imaged and repositioned five times at each of the following five head positions: ideal head position, 5° right, 5° left, 5° up, and 5° down. The images were scanned and digitized with custom software to determine the image mesiodistal tooth angulations. Results revealed that the majority of image angles from the five head positions were statistically significantly different than image angles from the idealized head position. Maxillary teeth were more sensitive to 5° up/down head rotation, with 5° up causing mesial projection and 5° down causing distal projection of maxillary roots. Mandibular anterior teeth were more sensitive to 5° right/left head rotation, with the projected mesiodistal angular difference between 5° right and 5° left rotation ranging from 4.0° to 22.3°. Maxillary teeth were relatively unaffected by 5° right/left head rotation, and mandibular teeth were relatively unaffected by 5° up/down head rotation. It was concluded that the clinical assessment of mesiodistal tooth angulation with panoramic radiography should be approached with extreme caution with an understanding of the inherent image distortions that can be further complicated by the potential for aberrant head positioning.

Lip incompetence resolved by active vertical control in nonsurgical treatment of a protrusion case with vertical maxillary excess

Johnny JL Liaw,

Jae Hyun Park,

Fang Fang Tsai,

Betty MY Tsai, and

Wendy WT Liao

The Edward H. Angle Society of Orthodontists 2001: A North American or an International Society?

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Effects of Patient Age and Sex on Treatment: Correction of Class II Malocclusion with the Begg Technique

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A Morphometric Study With Setup Models for Bracket Design

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Erratum

Erratum

Lip incompetence resolved by active vertical control in nonsurgical treatment of a protrusion case with vertical maxillary excess

Changes in glenoid fossa of adult female patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion during premolar extraction treatment and mini-implant anchorage: a cone-beam computed tomography study

Differences in the cooperation of teenagers for orthodontic treatment: Z Generation versus Y Generation

Miniscrew-assisted slow palatal expansion with bone borne expander in adult patients: a case control study on consecutively treated patients

Influence of personalized replacement protocol and low-level laser therapy combined with vibration on tooth movement rate and tooth movement accuracy in clear aligner treatment: a randomized clinical trial