Robert J. Isaacson, Editor-in-Chief Emeritus of The Angle Orthodontist, passed away peacefully at the age of 86 on September 15, 2018 near his home in Wayzata, Minnesota. Bob was born in Flushing, New York on July 12, 1932, and spent his childhood years growing up in New Jersey. He was a proud graduate of the University of Minnesota where he earned his BS, DDS, MSD, and PhD degrees from 1950 to 1962. He served as a Captain in the US Army from
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What is the destiny, the future, for orthodontics and its specialists? It is disappointing that industry is leading our thinking these days. Much of our professional life centers around the device- and machine-based techniques, claims, and marketing of manufacturers. When did our passive role as followers happen and why? We may begin to reclaim control of our specialty by revising some aspects of our training programs and journal formats. Meanwhile, we may go back several decades in the literature and find useful insights from clinical sages—applied scientists—who were clearheaded, truthful, and science-based observers, writing before the industrial manipulation and noise we now have to compete with.ABSTRACT
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National Dental PBRN Collaborative Group
DOI: 10.2319/070118-491.1
To describe the demographic and practice characteristics of the clinicians enrolled in a large, prospective cohort study examining recommendations and treatment for adult anterior open bite (AOB) and the relationship between these characteristics and practitioners' self-reported treatment preferences. The characteristics of the AOB patients recruited were also described. Practitioners were recruited from the National Dental Practice-Based Research Network. Participants in the study consisted of practitioners and their adult AOB patients in active treatment. Upon enrollment, practitioners completed questionnaires enquiring about demographics, treatment preferences for adult AOB patients, and treatment recommendations for each patient. Patients completed questionnaires on demographics and factors related to treatment. Ninety-one practitioners and 347 patients were recruited. Demographic characteristics of recruited orthodontists were similar to those of American Association of Orthodontists members. The great majority of practitioners reported using fixed appliances and elastics frequently for adult AOB patients. Only a third of practitioners reported using aligners frequently for adult AOB patients, and 10% to 13% frequently recommended temporary anchorage devices (TADs) or orthognathic surgery. Seventy-four percent of the patients were female, and the mean age was 31.4 years. The mean pretreatment overbite was −2.4 mm, and the mean mandibular plane angle was 38.8°. Almost 40% of patients had undergone orthodontic treatment previously. This article presents the demographic data for 91 doctors and 347 adult AOB patients, as well as the practitioners' self-reported treatment preferences.ABSTRACT
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DOI: 10.2319/101317-691.1
To compare different appliances for early anterior open bite (AOB) correction. This was a parallel, randomized clinical trial. A prospective sample of patients with AOB was recruited consecutively. Eligibility criteria included angle class I malocclusion with AOB equal to or greater than 1 mm. Participants were allocated by simple randomization to 4 groups: bonded spurs, chin cup, fixed palatal crib, and removable palatal crib. Dentoalveolar changes among the groups were assessed by blinded observers by comparing lateral cephalograms taken before (T1) and 12 months after treatment (T2; analysis of variance followed by Tukey test). Of the measurements, 30% were reassessed for reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman agreement test; α = 5%; 95% confidence interval). A total of 99 patients with a mean AOB of 3.7 mm (mean age 8.4 ± 0.8 years, both genders) were recruited. Dropouts occurred in all the groups, yielding a final sample size of 81 analyzed individuals. Intergroup comparisons of differences (T2–T1) showed significant differences for the incisor positioning variables (1.1, 1-PP, 6-PP, IMPA, 1.NB and 1-GoMe). However, there was no significant difference in AOB reduction among the groups, with an average correction of 3.1 mm. All of the tested devices promoted dental changes, especially in the anterior region, and contributed to AOB reduction during the study period. However, fixed palatal crib demonstrated greater impact on the positioning of the incisors.ABSTRACT
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DOI: 10.2319/110717-760.1
To evaluate the skeletal, dental, and soft tissue changes after the use of miniscrew-anchored inverted Forsus fatigue-resistant device (FRD) in treatment of Class III malocclusion. In this controlled clinical trial, 16 patients (9 girls and 7 boys; age 12.45 ± 0.87 years) were consecutively treated with miniscrew-anchored inverted Forsus FRD. This group was compared with a matched control group of 16 untreated patients (8 girls and 8 boys; age 11.95 ± 1.04 years). Miniscrews were inserted bilaterally between the maxillary canine and first premolar. Forsus FRD was selected and inserted in an inverted manner mesial to the mandibular headgear tube and distal to the maxillary canine bracket. Class I molar and canine relationships with positive overjet were achieved in an average period of 6.4 ± 1.46 months. Maxillary forward growth showed a statistically significant increase (SNA°: 1.73 ± 0.53, P < .5), maxillary incisor proclination was statistically significant (U1 to NA°: −0.39 ± 0.33, P > .5), and the lower incisors exhibited significant retroclination (L1 to NB°: 1.65 ± 0.83, P < .5). Significant lower lip retrusion and upper lip protrusion were obvious treatment outcomes (P < .5). The use of miniscrew-anchored inverted FRD could effectively increase maxillary forward growth, but it did not prevent mesial movement of the maxillary dentition. Significant lower incisor retroclination was observed. Significant esthetic improvement of the facial profile was achieved primarily because of lower lip retrusion and upper lip protrusion.ABSTRACT
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DOI: 10.2319/011518-42.1
To evaluate and compare the dental and skeletal changes with conventional and miniscrew-supported maxillary expansion appliances in adolescents. Forty patients were divided into two groups, with one group receiving a tooth-borne expander and the other group receiving an expander supported by four miniscrews (bone-borne). Multiplanar coronal and axial slices obtained from cone-beam computed tomography images were used to measure the changes in transverse skeletal widths, buccal bone thickness, tooth inclination, and root length. Paired t-tests and independent-sample t-tests were used to compare the two expansion methods. Bone-borne expansion increased the maxillary suture opening more than 2.5 times than tooth-borne expansion both anteriorly and posteriorly. Between the maxillary first premolars, sutural expansion accounted for 28% and 70% of the total transverse width increase in the tooth-borne and bone-borne expander groups, respectively. Similarly, 26% and 68% of the total expansion was of skeletal nature in the tooth-borne and bone-borne expander groups between the maxillary first molars. The pattern of expansion was variable, with most of the patients in both groups demonstrating a triangular-shaped sutural opening that was wider anteriorly. Subjects in the conventional group experienced significantly more buccal bone reduction and greater buccal inclination of the teeth. No significant differences were observed for root length measurements between the two groups. Use of bone-borne expansion in the adolescent population increased the extent of skeletal changes in the range of 1.5 to 2.8 times that of tooth-borne expansion and did not result in any dental side effects.ABSTRACT
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DOI: 10.2319/121717-868.1
To determine upper incisor root resorption, volume loss, and the relationship between root volume loss and tooth movement after 1 year of orthodontic treatment in patients with marginal bone loss. A total of 30 women (46.3 ± 5.4 years old) with moderate upper incisor bone loss who required intrusion during orthodontic treatment were recruited. Pre- and post-treatment cone beam computed tomography images were reconstructed. Upper incisors at pre- and post-treatment were superimposed; labio- and palato-apical, middle, and coronal third root volumes were assessed. Tooth movement and alveolar bone height were measured from lateral cephalometric radiographs and cone beam computed tomography. Changes in root volume/alveolar bone height were compared using paired-sample t-tests, percentage root volume loss for each tooth/segment was evaluated by one-way analysis of variance, and the relationship between percentage root loss and degree of tooth movement was assessed by linear regression. Mean root volume significantly decreased on the labio- and palato-apical aspects of 12 and labio-apical aspects of 21 and 22 (P ≤ .024). Palato-apical segment volume loss was greater on lateral than central incisors (P ≤ .016). Two-dimensional root length and cementoenamel junction-bone crest distance did not change between T0 and T1, with no significant relationship between tooth movement amount and percentage root volume loss. Delivery of 40 g intrusive force to the four upper incisors using a T-loop and the leveling phase lead to more apical root volume loss on lateral than central incisors. There was no relationship between extent of tooth movement and upper incisor root volume loss.ABSTRACT
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DOI: 10.2319/020818-107.1
To evaluate association and causation between maxillary lateral incisors' (MxI2) apical root volume (ARV) and palatally displaced canines (PDC). In a retrospective cross-sectional study, computed tomography scans of 179 patients with unilateral PDC were analyzed. MxI2 root length and volume on the impaction and eruption side were measured. A mixed logit model was used to infer the association between ARV and PDC and an instrumental variables approach to interpret causality. MxI2 root length on the impaction side was shorter in 42%, equal in 33% and longer in 25% of the patients. ARV amounted for 13.5% of total root volume on the impaction and 14.9% on the eruption side. Reduced ARV was significantly associated with the impaction side (P < .001). The causal effect of ARV on PDC in the instrumental variable approach amounted to less than half of the association in a standard noncausal approach. An association between PDC and reduced MxI2 root length and volume was confirmed. However, the lack of causality did not allow the researchers to draw a conclusion as to whether a reduced ARV is causing PDC or resulting from it; this should be considered in etiologic theories.ABSTRACT
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DOI: 10.2319/120717-843.1
To assess palatal vault height, tooth size, and dental arch dimensions in patients with unilateral and bilateral palatally displaced canines compared with a control group. A sample of 66 patients (mean age: 11.5 ± 1.0 years) with 22 unilateral palatally displaced canines (UPDCs), 22 bilateral palatally displaced canines (BPDCs), and 22 controls (C) were consecutively recruited. All three groups had dental casts that were scanned digitally using the OrthoX three-dimensional model scanner. Tooth size, palatal vault height, dental arch width, dental arch depth, dental arch length, and dental arch space were measured by the same examiner using the GOM software. Remeasurements were made in 10 randomly identified patients. The palatal vault height was significantly lower in the BPDC group compared with controls. A significantly smaller mesial-distal crown width and, in general, more spacing in the maxilla were found in the UPDC and BPDC groups. No differences in arch length or arch width at the molar region were seen between the groups, while the arch length at the canine region was smaller in the UPDC and BPDC groups. However, this was observed in BPDC patients with both deciduous canines present and in most UPDC patients where the deciduous canine was present, compared with the control group, who had more permanent canines present. Patients with PDC had greater reduction in tooth size compared with the control group. The arch length and arch width were similar in patients with and without PDC.ABSTRACT
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DOI: 10.2319/012518-68.1
To compare the extent of root resorption and the amount of tooth movement between continuous orthodontic force and intermittent orthodontic force that was activated in a similar way to a 4-week orthodontic adjustment period. Twenty-five patients who required the extraction of upper first premolars were recruited in this study. A buccally directed continuous force of 150 g was applied to the upper first premolar on one side for 15 weeks. A buccally directed intermittent force (28 days on, 7 days off) of the same magnitude was applied to the contralateral first premolar. The teeth were extracted at the end of the experimental period and processed for volumetric evaluations of resorption craters. The degree of tooth movement and rotation were measured on the study models. Continuous force application displayed significantly higher root resorption volume than the intermittent force application (P < .05), particularly on the buccal and lingual surfaces (P < .05) and the middle third of the root (P < .01). There was more tipping and rotational movement in the continuous force group. In a 4-week orthodontic adjustment period, intermittent force significantly reduced the amount of root resorption compared with continuous force. Although there was less degree of tooth movement with intermittent force, unwanted rotational movement was avoided. This is crucial in patients who are predisposed to orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption, and the use of this intermittent regimen should be considered.ABSTRACT
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DOI: 10.2319/111417-777.1
To identify risk factors for apical root resorption (ARR) of maxillary and mandibular incisors using mathematical quantification of apical root displacement (ARD) and multiple linear mixed-effects modeling. Periapical radiographs of maxillary and mandibular incisors and lateral cephalograms of 135 adults were taken before and after orthodontic treatment. ARR was measured on the periapical radiographs, and movement of central incisors was evaluated on the superimposed pre- and posttreatment lateral cephalograms. ARD was mathematically calculated from pretreatment tooth length, inclination change, and movement of the incisal edge. Linear mixed-effects model analysis was performed to identify risk factors for ARR, and standardized coefficients (SCs) were calculated to investigate the relative contribution of the risk factors to ARR. Vertical ARD showed the highest SCs for both maxillary and mandibular incisors. Horizontal ARD showed the second highest SC for mandibular incisors but was not significantly correlated with the ARR of maxillary incisors. When horizontal and vertical ARDs were included in the mixed-effects model, the use of self-ligating brackets was significantly correlated with increased ARR of mandibular incisors. ARD is a critical factor for ARR after orthodontic treatment. Careful monitoring of ARR is recommended for patients requiring significant ARD of incisors.ABSTRACT
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DOI: 10.2319/101117-686.1
To assess the changes in the maxillary buccal alveolar bone during alignment without extractions. Secondarily, to evaluate the changes in arch dimensions and buccolingual inclinations of teeth and to identify risk factors for bone loss. Twenty-two adolescents with crowded permanent dentitions were treated without extractions with Damon 3MX brackets. Cone beam computed tomographic scans were taken before treatment (T0) and after alignment (T1). Bone thickness (BT) and height from the cementoenamel junction to the alveolar crest (BH) were evaluated at the maxillary central incisors, second premolars, and buccal roots of first molars. Changes in all variables from T0 to T1 were assessed. Correlations between bone changes and initial bone thickness, initial arch widths, initial crowding, amount of expansion, amount of tipping, and amount of molar rotation were calculated. BT decreased and BH increased significantly for the incisors and mesiobuccal root of the first molars. Arch dimensions generally increased together with tipping. Bone loss was correlated with crowding and amount of expansion in the premolar region. Initially thinner BT was correlated with greater apical migration of bone for the incisors. Nonextraction alignment with self-ligating brackets led to arch expansion associated with tipping of teeth. Expansion related to alignment resulted in horizontal and vertical bone loss at the incisors and mesiobuccal root of the first molars. Thinner BTs and more severe crowding before treatment increased the risk for buccal bone loss.ABSTRACT
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DOI: 10.2319/101517-694.1
The purpose of this three-dimensional (3D) study was to assess retrospectively the middle cranial fossa and central skull base of patients treated with the Herbst appliance (HA). 3D surface virtual models of 40 Class II, division 1 malocclusion patients were generated from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) acquired before treatment (T0) and after 8 months of HA treatment (T1). T0 and T1 3D models were superimposed volumetrically at the anterior cranial fossa. Twenty subjects who had been treated with the Herbst appliance (HAG) were compared to 20 subjects who were not treated orthopedically. The latter group served as a comparison control group (CG). Quantitative assessments of the location and directional changes were made with linear and angular measurements between anatomical landmarks. Qualitative assessments of the spatial behavior of the middle cranial fossa and central skull base relative to the anterior cranial fossa were displayed graphically for visualization with color maps and semitransparent overlays. Non-parametric tests were performed to compare the between the HAG and CG. Point-to-point linear measurements and skeletal rotation (pitch, roll, and yaw) changes were very small along the observational period and were not significantly different between HAG and CG. Visual analysis of color maps and overlays confirmed that no changes in the cranial base were associated with HA. HA therapy did not produce clinically significant changes in the middle cranial fossa and central skull base.ABSTRACT
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DOI: 10.2319/110217-748.1
To investigate the integrity of a fluorescing resin-based sealant placed around orthodontic brackets using the Fluorescence-aided Identification Technique (FIT). Standard brackets were bonded to the buccal surfaces of 17 extracted sound permanent premolar crowns sealed with ProSeal®. Specimens were thermocycled (20,000 cycles, 5–55°C), and toothbrushing was simulated using an electric toothbrush and artificial aqueous toothpaste slurry. Changes in the sealed area were measured after one, two, three, and four alternating thermocycling-brushing cycles simulating 2 years of wear. Digital images were captured applying FIT (405 nm) using a digital camera–equipped stereomicroscope. ImageJ was used to measure sealant integrity and loss. There was a time-dependent decrease in sealed areas by between 21% and 100% (mean 54%). The sealant lost its integrity immediately after the first cycle, and unfilled areas were observed in all samples. The analyzed sealant lost its integrity over time. Using the proposed FIT, sealed surfaces were easily verified and quantified.ABSTRACT
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DOI: 10.2319/121717-864.1
To investigate the relationships among different intrusion patterns of clear overlay aligners and the corresponding orthodontic forces and to provide guidance for clinical treatment. Five sets of removable thermoplastic-formed aligners with the same thickness, designed for different intrusion procedures (G0 aligners as a control group, with no activation; G1 aligners for intruding canines; G2 aligners for intruding incisors; G3 aligners for intruding canines and incisors with the same activations; G4 aligners for intruding canines and incisors with different activation), were manufactured, and the corresponding intrusion forces were measured with a multiaxis force/torque transducer measurement system in real time. With the same activation (0.2-mm intrusion) and rectangular attachments placed on the premolars and first molars, the canines experienced the largest intrusive force when intruded alone using G1 aligners. The canines received a larger intrusive force than incisors in G3. The incisors received similar forces in G2 and G3. First premolars endured the largest extrusive forces when all anterior teeth were intruded with G3 aligners. Extrusion forces were exerted on canines and lateral incisors when using G4 aligners. Aligners with different intrusion patterns exert different forces on incisors, canines, and premolars, and the forces were closely related to the designed activation, shape and position of the attachment and relative movement of the adjacent teeth.ABSTRACT
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DOI: 10.2319/122017-872.1
To compare the effects of different etching techniques, 12–, 24–bladed tungsten carbide burs, and polishing discs on tooth color changes during orthodontic treatment. 59 individuals (mean age: 15.20 ± 1.59 years) were divided into four groups: 37% phosphoric acid and adhesive primer was used in Groups I and II whereas self–etch primer was used in Groups III and IV for enamel preparation. After orthodontic treatment, residual adhesives were cleaned with 12–bladed tungsten carbide burs in Groups I and III, while 24–bladed tungsten carbide burs were used in Groups II and IV. All teeth were polished with medium and fine Sof–Lex XT discs (3M ESPE, St Paul, Minnesota). Color measurements were taken from upper incisors and canines at pretreatment (T0), after cleaning with tungsten carbide burs (T1) and polishing with discs (T2). Wilcoxon test was used for evaluation of L*, a*, b* changes and Kruskal–Wallis for intergroup comparison of color changes. L*, a*, b* values, except a* at Groups I, II, IV, and b* at Group III, changed significantly (P < .05). Groups III and IV showed significantly different color alterations from T0 to T1 (P < .05). After polishing, tooth color alterations were not significantly different among the groups. In self–etch bonding groups, a 12–bladed tungsten carbide bur caused less color change than the 24–bladed tungsten carbide bur. Orthodontic treatment resulted with visible and clinically unacceptable tooth color alterations regardless of the enamel preparation and clean–up techniques. Polishing reduced the effect of tungsten carbide burs, but did not affect the total influence of orthodontic treatment on the tooth color.ABSTRACT
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DOI: 10.2319/012418-65.1
To identify and analyze the 100 most-cited articles in orthodontics indexed in the Web of Science Category of “Dental, Oral Surgery and Medicine” from 1946 to 2016. On hundred articles were identified in a search of the database of the ISI Web of Science and Journal Citation Reports, applying the truncated search term “orthodon*.” Records were manually refined and normalized to unify terms and to remove typographical, transcription, and/or indexing errors. The 100 most-cited articles were published between 1946 and 2012, with numbers of citations ranging from 115 to 881. Of the 251 authors participating, 87.65% published a single work, while three authors published four works. Most of the authors with several citations were from the United States, although the University of Oslo produced the highest number of frequently cited works. Most of the articles were clinical studies, and the most frequently cited topic was mini-implants. It was noted that self-citation could be a potential cause of bias in bibliometric analysis. This bibliometric citation analysis reveals new, useful, and interesting information about scientific progress in the field of orthodontics.ABSTRACT
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DOI: 10.2319/092017-631.1
To identify differences in skeletal, dental, and soft-tissue morphology between postorthodontic patients with attractive and unattractive frontal posed smiles. The attractiveness of close-up photographs of frontal posed smiles in 100 adult female patients after conventional orthodontic treatment was evaluated by 20 dental students (10 men, 10 women) using a visual analogue scale. Posttreatment cephalograms of the 20 patients with the most attractive smiles (attractive group; mean age 23.75 ± 3.35 years) and the 20 patients with least attractive smiles (unattractive group; mean age 23.11 ± 4.45 years) were selected, and 41 measurements were made and compared between groups using the Mann-Whitney U-test (P < .05). When compared with the attractive group, the unattractive group exhibited greater values for sella-nasion plane to mandibular plane, palatal plane to mandibular plane, anterior facial height, lower facial height, and lower facial height/anterior facial height as skeletal measurements; for occlusal plane to sella-nasion plane, palatal plane to occlusal plane, and maxillary central incisor to palatal plane as dental measurements; and for lower face, upper lip length, and upper lip superior to palatal plane as soft-tissue measurements. Cephalometric analysis revealed that postorthodontic Japanese female patients with unattractive frontal posed smiles are characterized by a hyperdivergent skeletal pattern with extruded maxillary incisors and a steep occlusal plane, accompanied by a longer upper lip than patients achieving attractive posed frontal smiles.ABSTRACT
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DOI: 10.2319/111317-773.1
To examine possible changes in the levels of salivary antioxidants, C-reactive protein (CRP), cortisol, pH, proteins, and blood in patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances. Salivary samples from 21 orthodontic patients who met specific inclusion criteria were collected before the beginning of orthodontic treatment (T0; baseline), 1 hour after bonding (T1), and 4–6 weeks after bonding (T2). Oxidant-scavenging ability (OSA) was quantified using a luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay. Cortisol and CRP levels were measured using immunoassay kits. pH levels and presence of proteins and blood in the samples were quantified using strip-based tests. A significant decrease in salivary pH was observed after bonding (P = .013). An increase in oxidant-scavenging abilities during orthodontic treatment was detected, but the change was not statistically significant. Cortisol and CRP levels slightly increased after bonding, but the difference was small without statistical significance. Changes in the presence of proteins and blood were also insignificant. Exposure to fixed orthodontic appliances did not show a significant effect on salivary parameters related to inflammation or stress, with the exception of a significant but transient pH decrease after bonding.ABSTRACT
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DOI: 10.2319/010518-10.1
To validate a novel method for measuring the clinically relevant bracket slot and use these methods to test the hypothesis that various metal injection molded (MIM) and esthetic ceramic injection molded (CIM) brackets have a bracket slot accuracy within 1 mil (0.001”) of their reported slot dimension. A Nikon iNEXIV-VMA-2520 laser microscope was used to measure slots of six series of CIM brackets and two series of MIM brackets via a vision measuring system of 256 gray levels to capture each edge of the slot, largely taking out human subjectivity. This system had a maximum permissible error of 2 + 8 L/1000 μm with a point resolution of 0.1 μm and was estimated to be more accurate than previous methods by a factor of 10. The video image for each bracket was autofocused by a blinded operator, and 40 point-to-line measurements were calculated along the clinical slot and averaged. Vertical slot dimension varied from series to series and within the series of brackets. Three of six CIM and two of three MIM brackets had a statistically significant mean slot size 0.001 inches larger than reported. The reported precision of these CIM brackets, as determined from standard deviation, varied from series to series. A novel system that incorporates parallelism into analysis of vertical bracket slot dimension was described. When the entire clinically relevant slot was considered, MIM and CIM brackets had similar precision but were significantly oversized, with contribution from a nonparallel, likely diverging, vertical slot dimension.ABSTRACT
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Systematic Review
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DOI: 10.2319/022018-135.1
To investigate the accuracy of panoramic radiography (PR) in diagnosing maxillary sinus-root relationships (SRRs). PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, CBM, Baidu Scholar, and SIGLE were searched. The studies comparing the diagnostic accuracy of PR and computed tomography/cone-beam computed tomography (CT/CBCT) for SRR were included. Eleven studies were included. Meta-analyses showed that, for type I SRR, PR had the highest specificity, positive likelihood ratio (+LR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC), with a high sensitivity and a low negative LR (−LR). For type IV, PR had a high DOR and AUC, with the highest sensitivity but a low +LR, the lowest –LR, and the lowest specificity. For type II, PR had the lowest AUC, with a low sensitivity, +LR, and DOR and a high −LR. For type III, PR had the lowest sensitivity, +LR, and DOR and the highest −LR. The distance from root tips to the maxillary sinus floor on PR was significantly longer (mean difference: −1.88 mm; 95% confidence interval: −2.19 to −1.57; P < .0001) than that on CT/CBCT. Currently available evidence suggests PR could be reliable for detecting type I SRR. PR has a good ability to confirm true type IV SRR but a poor ability to rule out false type IV SRR. For type II and III SRR, PR shows poor accuracy and tends to overestimate the extent of protrusion of the roots into the maxillary sinus. When PRs display type II, III, or IV SRR and related treatment is needed, CBCT should be used for further examinations.ABSTRACT
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Case Report
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DOI: 10.2319/072717-498.1
This case report demonstrates the treatment of a skeletal Class II high-angle adult patient with bimaxillary protrusion, angle Class I occlusion, and crowded anterior teeth. A ribbon-wise arch wire and a customized lingual appliance with anterior vertical slots were used to achieve proper torque control of the maxillary anterior teeth. An orthodontic anchor screw and a palatal bar were used for vertical control to avoid increasing the Frankfort-mandibular plane angle (FMA) by maxillary molar extrusion. Through the combined use of the ribbon-wise customized lingual appliance, palatal bar, and orthodontic anchor screw, vertical control and an excellent treatment result were achieved without the vertical and horizontal bowing effects peculiar to conventional lingual treatment.ABSTRACT
Guest Editorial
Recently, both at the university and during association meetings, there have been intense discussions about clear aligners as they relate to some recent marketing activities; there have also been discussions about the future of orthodontics in general. I have followed the development of clear aligners since their beginning. I remember very well when I saw a clear aligner advertisement for the first time. I was sitting on an airplane and looking at a magazine when I came upon a page showing two faces looking at each other and smiling, one of them wearing clear aligners and the other with braces.
Additional
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We read with great interest this well-performed case report of Kim et al. of an 11-year-old male patient with multiple impacted teeth treated using temporary skeletal anchorage devices and augmented corticotomy. The presence of multiple impacted teeth is one of the most difficult treatment challenges during orthodontic treatment, both from a biomechanical and esthetic point of view. Therefore, due to the importance of the topic, we have three questions that we hope will provide more detailed information about the procedures performed: As reported, the treated patient presented with multiple impacted teeth in the maxillary anterior region with several-related problems. Considering
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Thank you for your interest in our case report. The initial cone-beam computed tomography image demonstrated that the crown of tooth 11 faced the palatal surface and the severely dilacerated root was just below the floor of the nose and in the cortical bone of the anterior nasal spine. But teeth 12 and 13 demonstrated incomplete transposition. Considering the success rate for impacted teeth, we evaluated that the risk of traction failure for tooth 11 was very high. In addition, due to the multiple impacted teeth, the traction path was entangled three-dimensionally. The first surgical exposure for teeth 12 and
This listing of academic opportunities is provided as a free service to the profession and the community. Arizona School of Dentistry & Oral Health Postgraduate Orthodontic Program Send CV, Statement of Academic Objectives, Names & Addresses of 3 References to hraz@atsu.edu. Rank: Full Time Assistant Professor Requirements: Requirements: DDS or DMD & Certificate in Orthodontics from US or Canadian CODA Accredited Program. University of the Pacific Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry Department of Orthodontics 155 Fifth Street San Francisco, CA 94103 Apply: https://pacific.peopleadmin.com/hr/postings/10630 The Department of Orthodontics at the University of theARIZONA
CALIFORNIA
Effects of printing layer thickness and build orientation on the mechanical properties and color stability of 3D-printed clear aligners
Chengzan Wu,
Utkarsh Mangal,
Na Bai,
Hoon Kim,
Geelsu Hwang,
Jung-Yul Cha,
Kee-Joon Lee,
Jae-Sung Kwon, and
Sung-Hwan Choi
The effect of clear aligner and fixed orthodontic treatment on the development of pulp stones: a retrospective observational study
Raidan Ba-Hattab,
Abeer A. Almashraqi,
Yousef H. Nasrawi,
Samer Sunna, and
Elham S. Abu Alhaija
Orthodontic forces and moments of three-bracket geometries
Matthew H. Kei,
Paul M. Schneider,
Marie A. Cornelis, and
Paolo M. Cattaneo
Accuracy and reliability of automated landmark identification and cephalometric measurements on cone beam computed tomography using Invivo software
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eISSN: 1945-7103 | ISSN: 0003-3219
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