Orthodontic forces generated by a simulated archwire appliance evaluated by the Finite Element Method
Abstract
The finite element method has been used to determine the stress distribution generated by the initial placement of a simulated preset bracket-type orthodontic appliance utilizing titanium-nickel alloy archwire.
Contributor Notes
P.G. Fotos is an Associate Professor in the Department of Pathology and Diagnosis at the University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, Iowa
C.C. Spyrakos is an Associate Professor in the Department of Civil Engineering at the West Virginia University School of Engineering, Morgantown, West Virginia
D.O. Bernard was formerly an Associate Professor and Chairman of the Department of Orthodontics at the West Virginia University School of Denfistry, Morgantown, West Virginia